Samaria was the strategic and splendid capital of the Northern Kingdom of
Israel, founded by
King Omri in the 9th century BCE. Standing as a political and religious rival to
Jerusalem, it became synonymous with the Northern Kingdom’s wealth, power, and deep spiritual apostasy. Famous for its “Ivory House” and the dramatic confrontations between the prophets Elijah and Elisha against the royal house of Ahab,
Samaria eventually fell to the Assyrians in 722 BCE. This fall led to the exile of the ten tribes and the emergence of the Samaritan people, setting the stage for significant interactions in the New Testament. Quick Facts Name:
Samaria (Hebrew: Shomron) Meaning: “Watch Mountain,” “Guard,” or “Lookout” Founder:
King Omri (c. 880 BCE) Location: Central mountain range of
Israel, approx. 30 miles north of
Jerusalem Status: Capital of the Northern Kingdom (
Israel) Fall: 722 BCE by the Assyrian Empire (Sargon II / Shalmaneser V) New Testament Status: A region between Judea and Galilee; home of the Samaritans Key Figures: Omri, Ahab, Jezebel, Jehu, Elijah,
Jesus, Philip Name Meaning Shomron: Derived from the Hebrew root sh-m-r, meaning “to watch” or “to guard.” The name comes from Shemer, the man from whom
King Omri purchased the
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